{"key":"op_2_ES","page":{"url":"https://jp.bookimed.com/clinics/country=spain/procedure=heart-valve-replacement/","procedure":{"id":2,"slug":"heart-valve-replacement","name":"心臓弁置換術","name_forms":{"plural":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"genitive":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"}},"type":"surgery","grammar_number":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"parent_id":"heart-surgery","family_attribute":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"}},"country":{"id":34,"iso":"ES","name":"スペイン"},"currency":"USD","data_date":"2026-03-19"},"pages":{"clinics_url":"https://jp.bookimed.com/clinics/country=spain/procedure=heart-valve-replacement/","cost_url":"https://jp.bookimed.com/clinics/country=spain/procedure=heart-valve-replacement/cost/","best_url":{"status":"missing","reason":"template not live"}},"price":{"from":44100,"to":49600,"avg":{"value":49727,"method":"median","source":"offers"},"us":{"from":120000,"to":175000},"uk":{"from":41000,"to":58000},"by_technique":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"by_city":[{"city":"バルセロナ","from":44100},{"city":"パンプローナ","from":28500},{"city":"アリカンテ","from":32000},{"city":"マドリード","from":32000}],"per_unit":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"factors":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"tiers":{"source":"offers","items":[{"tier":"standard","min":49727,"max":49727,"median":49727,"count":1}]},"comparison":[{"country_iso":"UA","from":9000,"to":15000},{"country_iso":"FR","from":32000,"to":46000},{"country_iso":"GB","from":41000,"to":58000},{"country_iso":"US","from":120000,"to":175000},{"country_iso":"IL","from":38000,"to":52000},{"country_iso":"TR","from":12000,"to":25000},{"country_iso":"MX","from":22000,"to":35000},{"country_iso":"DE","from":25000,"to":45000},{"country_iso":"CA","from":55000,"to":80000},{"country_iso":"AE","from":24000,"to":38000},{"country_iso":"TH","from":25000,"to":42000},{"country_iso":"PL","from":9000,"to":21000},{"country_iso":"KR","from":25000,"to":45000},{"country_iso":"CZ","from":17500,"to":25500},{"country_iso":"AT","from":38000,"to":55000},{"country_iso":"IT","from":35000,"to":41000},{"country_iso":"CN","from":16000,"to":30000},{"country_iso":"AU","from":52000,"to":74000},{"country_iso":"IN","from":6000,"to":6500},{"country_iso":"MY","from":16200,"to":24500},{"country_iso":"VN","from":9500,"to":14000},{"country_iso":"BR","from":19000,"to":28000},{"country_iso":"AZ","from":9900,"to":13000},{"country_iso":"DO","from":60000,"to":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"}},{"country_iso":"KZ","from":8000,"to":16500},{"country_iso":"LT","from":15000,"to":21000},{"country_iso":"RO","from":14900,"to":17500}],"base_country":"US","base_is_fallback":false},"savings":{"pct":63,"variant":">=15%"},"package":{"included":["Consumable materials","General anesthesia","Individual chamber","Medications"],"excluded":["Transfer is not included"],"extra_charges":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"}},"clinics":{"count":7,"items":[{"id":78,"name":"Centro Médico Teknon","city":"Barcelona","rating":4.7,"reviews_count":497,"accreditations":["Joint Commission International","European Foundation for Quality Management","THE IMTJ MEDICAL TRAVEL AWARD WINNER IN 2019","Patient choice in Neurology","Patient choice in Neurosurgery","Patient choice for Epilepsy treatment","World's Best Hospitals 2021 by Newsweek"],"rank":1,"has_procedure":true,"why_ranked":"Led by Dr. Xavier Ruyra, a world-leading specialist in the Ross procedure with patents for valve repair. The team has performed 10,000+ cardiac procedures with advanced minimally invasive techniques.","bookimed_stats":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_published"},"procedure_description":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"offers":[{"id":"63e261737c973ec93a00a772","price":49727,"nights":5,"included":["General anesthesia","Medications","Consumable materials","Individual chamber"],"excluded":["Transfer is not included"],"other_services":"👨⚕️ About the Doctor Dr. Javier Ruyra Baliarda is a highly experienced cardiac surgeon with over 35 years of expertise in complex heart surgery. He is internationally recognized for: Advanced heart valve repair and replacement techniques Development of innovative and patented surgical methods Focus on valve preservation whenever possible His approach prioritizes precision, safety, and long-term outcomes, making him a leading specialist in cardiac surgery. About the Procedure Heart valve replacement is a life-saving intervention for patients with damaged or malfunctioning valves (aortic, mitral, etc.). The procedure restores normal blood flow and may involve: Valve repair (preferred when possible) Valve replacement using biological or mechanical prosthesis Dr. Ruyra applies advanced techniques to minimize surgical trauma and improve recovery. What’s Included in the Package ✅ Comprehensive Preoperative Diagnostics Consultation with cardiac surgeon Echocardiography (heart ultrasound) Electrocardiogram (ECG) Blood tests and coagulation profile Chest X-ray Cardiac CT or catheterization (if required) Anesthesiology assessment ✅ Surgical Treatment Heart valve repair or replacement Advanced surgical and patented techniques Full cardiac surgery team Cardiopulmonary bypass General anesthesia ✅ Hospital Stay 7–10 days hospitalization ICU stay (1–2 days) Private room included after ICU Continuous cardiac monitoring ✅ Postoperative Care Daily follow-up by cardiac team Pain management and recovery monitoring Respiratory and mobility rehabilitation Medication and anticoagulation management Discharge report and long-term plan Package Price 💰 from €28,000 to €45,000 (depending on complexity and valve type) Duration of Stay Hospital stay: 7–10 days Recommended stay in Barcelona: 10–14 days Expected Results Improved heart function and circulation Relief of symptoms (fatigue, shortness of breath) Enhanced quality of life Long-term cardiac stability Who Is This For? Patients with aortic or mitral valve disease Valve stenosis or insufficiency Patients requiring surgical correction Individuals seeking expert cardiac care Why Choose This Program Surgeon with 35+ years of experience Advanced and innovative surgical techniques Preference for valve repair when possible Treatment at a leading private hospital Full international patient support Additional Information Final surgical plan confirmed after evaluation Choice of valve type depends on patient profile Post-surgical rehabilitation is essential Online consultation available before travel Request a Personalized Cardiac Plan Send your medical reports to receive a custom evaluation and exact treatment plan within 24–48 hours"}]},{"id":278,"name":"Quironsalud Madrid","city":"Madrid","rating":3.8,"reviews_count":6,"accreditations":["World's Best Hospitals 2021 by Newsweek"],"rank":2,"has_procedure":true,"why_ranked":"Ranked among World’s Best Hospitals 2021 for valve expertise. Uses interdisciplinary team and minimally invasive techniques. Offers personalized evaluation for valve selection.","bookimed_stats":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_published"},"procedure_description":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"offers":{"status":"missing","reason":"no_offers"}},{"id":6225,"name":"Hospital Ruber Internacional","city":"Madrid","rating":5,"reviews_count":3,"accreditations":["Joint Commission International","International Organization for Standardization"],"rank":3,"has_procedure":true,"why_ranked":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"bookimed_stats":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_published"},"procedure_description":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"offers":{"status":"missing","reason":"no_offers"}},{"id":272,"name":"SJD Barcelona Children’s Hospital","city":"Barcelona","rating":4.7,"reviews_count":44,"accreditations":["Bookimed Award: Best pediatric hospital","World's Best Specialized Hospitals 2022 by Newsweek"],"rank":4,"has_procedure":true,"why_ranked":"Heart Area performs 250 cardiac surgeries yearly – the most in Spain. 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CSUR reference center for congenital heart disease.","bookimed_stats":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_published"},"procedure_description":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"offers":{"status":"missing","reason":"no_offers"}},{"id":339,"name":"Clinica Universidad de Navarra (Navarra Hospital)","city":"Pamplona","rating":4.7,"reviews_count":7,"accreditations":["Joint Commission International","European Society for Medical Oncology","World's Best Hospitals 2020 by Newsweek","World's Best Hospitals 2021 by Newsweek","World's Best Smart Hospitals 2021 by Newsweek","World's Best Hospitals 2022 by Newsweek","World's Best Smart Hospitals 2023 by Newsweek"],"rank":5,"has_procedure":true,"why_ranked":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"bookimed_stats":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_published"},"procedure_description":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"offers":{"status":"missing","reason":"no_offers"}},{"id":422,"name":"Hospital HM Nou Delfos","city":"Barcelona","rating":4.6,"reviews_count":5,"accreditations":["European Foundation for Quality Management","Certification according to DIN EN ISO 9001 by TÜV NORD CERT"],"rank":6,"has_procedure":true,"why_ranked":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"bookimed_stats":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_published"},"procedure_description":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"offers":{"status":"missing","reason":"no_offers"}},{"id":8570,"name":"Publio Cordón Memorial Hospital","city":"Madrid","rating":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"reviews_count":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"accreditations":["European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology","Fellow, American College of Surgeons","American Society of Plastic Surgeons","Joint Commission International"],"rank":7,"has_procedure":true,"why_ranked":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"bookimed_stats":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_published"},"procedure_description":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"offers":{"status":"missing","reason":"no_offers"}}]},"doctors":{"count":5,"languages":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"}},"cities":[{"id":98,"slug":"barcelona","name":"バルセロナ","clinics_count":1,"price_from":44100,"profile":{"city_type":"Mediterranean coastal city in Spain","access":["Barcelona Airport (BCN), 15 km southwest of city center"],"sources":["https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barcelona","https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barcelona–El_Prat_Airport"],"checked_at":"2026-11-03","status":"ok"}},{"id":366,"slug":"pamplona","name":"パンプローナ","clinics_count":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"price_from":28500,"profile":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"}},{"id":441,"slug":"alicante","name":"アリカンテ","clinics_count":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"price_from":32000,"profile":{"city_type":"Mediterranean port city in Spain","access":["Alicante Airport (ALC), 9 km from the city"],"sources":["https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alicante","https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alicante%E2%80%93Elche_Airport"],"checked_at":"2026-11-03","status":"ok"}},{"id":346,"slug":"madrid","name":"マドリード","clinics_count":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"price_from":32000,"profile":{"city_type":"Capital and largest city of Spain","access":["Madrid Barajas Airport (MAD), 13 km from Puerta del Sol"],"sources":["https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madrid","https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madrid–Barajas_Airport"],"checked_at":"2026-11-03","status":"ok"}}],"offers":{"active":1,"active_with_related":3,"hospital_nights_median":5,"days_in_country_median":{"status":"missing","reason":"fewer than 10 offers with hotel days"},"top_offers":[{"id":"63e261737c973ec93a00a772","clinic_id":78,"clinic_listed":true,"price":49727,"nights":5,"transfer":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"tests":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"meds":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"aftercare":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"guarantee":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"included":["General anesthesia","Medications","Consumable materials","Individual chamber"],"excluded":["Transfer is not included"],"other_services":"👨⚕️ About the Doctor Dr. Javier Ruyra Baliarda is a highly experienced cardiac surgeon with over 35 years of expertise in complex heart surgery. He is internationally recognized for: Advanced heart valve repair and replacement techniques Development of innovative and patented surgical methods Focus on valve preservation whenever possible His approach prioritizes precision, safety, and long-term outcomes, making him a leading specialist in cardiac surgery. About the Procedure Heart valve replacement is a life-saving intervention for patients with damaged or malfunctioning valves (aortic, mitral, etc.). The procedure restores normal blood flow and may involve: Valve repair (preferred when possible) Valve replacement using biological or mechanical prosthesis Dr. Ruyra applies advanced techniques to minimize surgical trauma and improve recovery. What’s Included in the Package ✅ Comprehensive Preoperative Diagnostics Consultation with cardiac surgeon Echocardiography (heart ultrasound) Electrocardiogram (ECG) Blood tests and coagulation profile Chest X-ray Cardiac CT or catheterization (if required) Anesthesiology assessment ✅ Surgical Treatment Heart valve repair or replacement Advanced surgical and patented techniques Full cardiac surgery team Cardiopulmonary bypass General anesthesia ✅ Hospital Stay 7–10 days hospitalization ICU stay (1–2 days) Private room included after ICU Continuous cardiac monitoring ✅ Postoperative Care Daily follow-up by cardiac team Pain management and recovery monitoring Respiratory and mobility rehabilitation Medication and anticoagulation management Discharge report and long-term plan Package Price 💰 from €28,000 to €45,000 (depending on complexity and valve type) Duration of Stay Hospital stay: 7–10 days Recommended stay in Barcelona: 10–14 days Expected Results Improved heart function and circulation Relief of symptoms (fatigue, shortness of breath) Enhanced quality of life Long-term cardiac stability Who Is This For? Patients with aortic or mitral valve disease Valve stenosis or insufficiency Patients requiring surgical correction Individuals seeking expert cardiac care Why Choose This Program Surgeon with 35+ years of experience Advanced and innovative surgical techniques Preference for valve repair when possible Treatment at a leading private hospital Full international patient support Additional Information Final surgical plan confirmed after evaluation Choice of valve type depends on patient profile Post-surgical rehabilitation is essential Online consultation available before travel Request a Personalized Cardiac Plan Send your medical reports to receive a custom evaluation and exact treatment plan within 24–48 hours","is_package":true}],"packages":[{"id":"63e261737c973ec93a00a772","clinic_id":78,"clinic_listed":true,"price":49727,"nights":5,"transfer":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"tests":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"meds":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"aftercare":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"guarantee":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"included":["General anesthesia","Medications","Consumable materials","Individual chamber"],"excluded":["Transfer is not included"],"other_services":"👨⚕️ About the Doctor Dr. Javier Ruyra Baliarda is a highly experienced cardiac surgeon with over 35 years of expertise in complex heart surgery. He is internationally recognized for: Advanced heart valve repair and replacement techniques Development of innovative and patented surgical methods Focus on valve preservation whenever possible His approach prioritizes precision, safety, and long-term outcomes, making him a leading specialist in cardiac surgery. About the Procedure Heart valve replacement is a life-saving intervention for patients with damaged or malfunctioning valves (aortic, mitral, etc.). The procedure restores normal blood flow and may involve: Valve repair (preferred when possible) Valve replacement using biological or mechanical prosthesis Dr. Ruyra applies advanced techniques to minimize surgical trauma and improve recovery. What’s Included in the Package ✅ Comprehensive Preoperative Diagnostics Consultation with cardiac surgeon Echocardiography (heart ultrasound) Electrocardiogram (ECG) Blood tests and coagulation profile Chest X-ray Cardiac CT or catheterization (if required) Anesthesiology assessment ✅ Surgical Treatment Heart valve repair or replacement Advanced surgical and patented techniques Full cardiac surgery team Cardiopulmonary bypass General anesthesia ✅ Hospital Stay 7–10 days hospitalization ICU stay (1–2 days) Private room included after ICU Continuous cardiac monitoring ✅ Postoperative Care Daily follow-up by cardiac team Pain management and recovery monitoring Respiratory and mobility rehabilitation Medication and anticoagulation management Discharge report and long-term plan Package Price 💰 from €28,000 to €45,000 (depending on complexity and valve type) Duration of Stay Hospital stay: 7–10 days Recommended stay in Barcelona: 10–14 days Expected Results Improved heart function and circulation Relief of symptoms (fatigue, shortness of breath) Enhanced quality of life Long-term cardiac stability Who Is This For? Patients with aortic or mitral valve disease Valve stenosis or insufficiency Patients requiring surgical correction Individuals seeking expert cardiac care Why Choose This Program Surgeon with 35+ years of experience Advanced and innovative surgical techniques Preference for valve repair when possible Treatment at a leading private hospital Full international patient support Additional Information Final surgical plan confirmed after evaluation Choice of valve type depends on patient profile Post-surgical rehabilitation is essential Online consultation available before travel Request a Personalized Cardiac Plan Send your medical reports to receive a custom evaluation and exact treatment plan within 24–48 hours","is_package":true}],"related_packages":[{"id":"63ea4bff3930895f3e047234","clinic_id":78,"clinic_listed":true,"price":59525,"nights":5,"transfer":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"tests":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"meds":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"aftercare":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"guarantee":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"included":["General anesthesia","Medications","Consumable materials","Hospitalization"],"excluded":["Transfer is not included"],"other_services":"About the Procedure Aortic valve replacement is an advanced cardiac surgery performed to treat severe aortic valve stenosis or aortic valve insufficiency, conditions that can seriously affect blood flow from the heart to the rest of the body. This procedure is recommended for patients with symptoms such as: shortness of breath fatigue chest pain dizziness or fainting reduced exercise tolerance Under the care of Dr. Javier Ruyra Baliarda, a pioneering cardiac surgeon with more than 35 years of experience, the surgery is planned with a highly personalized approach. Whenever feasible, advanced techniques are used to optimize safety, cardiac function, and long-term outcomes. What Is Included in the Package Preoperative Evaluation Before surgery, the patient undergoes a full cardiac assessment to confirm the indication and prepare the safest surgical plan. This may include: First consultation with Dr. Javier Ruyra Baliarda Review of previous cardiology reports and imaging Electrocardiogram (ECG) Echocardiogram Blood tests and coagulation profile Chest X-ray Cardiac CT scan or catheterization, if required Pre-anesthesia assessment Surgical Treatment The package includes: Aortic valve replacement surgery Advanced cardiac surgery techniques Full operating room expenses Cardiac surgical team fees Anesthesia fees Use of extracorporeal circulation / heart-lung machine if required Standard surgical materials and consumables Depending on the case, the implanted valve may be: biological, or mechanical The final choice depends on the patient’s age, medical history, and specialist recommendation. Hospital Stay 7 to 10 days of hospitalization Admission to the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) after surgery, if needed Transfer to a private room after ICU stay Continuous monitoring by the cardiac team Postoperative Care The package also includes the initial postoperative care needed during hospitalization: Daily medical follow-up Pain control and recovery monitoring Cardiac and hemodynamic monitoring Respiratory physiotherapy and early mobilization Discharge report with medical recommendations Guidance on medication and recovery after discharge Estimated Length of Stay Hospital stay: 7–10 days Recommended stay in Barcelona: 10–14 days Expected Benefits The goal of surgery is to: restore proper blood flow through the aortic valve improve cardiac performance relieve symptoms such as fatigue and breathlessness reduce the risk of cardiac deterioration improve quality of life and long-term prognosis Who Is This Program For This treatment program is suitable for patients with: severe aortic stenosis aortic valve insufficiency symptomatic valve disease indication for surgical correction after cardiology evaluation Why Choose This Program Surgery performed by Dr. Javier Ruyra Baliarda, senior cardiac surgeon More than 35 years of experience in cardiac surgery Advanced surgical expertise and highly specialized approach Treatment at Centro Médico Teknon, one of Barcelona’s leading private hospitals Personalized care for international patient","is_package":true,"operation_id":795,"operation_name":"Replacement of the aortic valve"},{"id":"6273a1368b26237dd9176602","clinic_id":78,"clinic_listed":true,"price":58422,"nights":5,"transfer":true,"tests":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"meds":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"aftercare":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"guarantee":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"included":["Preoperative tests","Consultation with an anesthesiologist","Consultation with a cardiologist","Consultation with a vascular surgeon","Consultation with a heart surgeon","Individual chamber"],"excluded":["Transfer is not included"],"other_services":"About the Procedure TAVI (Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation) is a minimally invasive treatment for severe aortic valve stenosis, especially recommended for patients who are at increased risk for open-heart surgery or who may benefit from a faster recovery. Instead of opening the chest, the new valve is implanted through a catheter, usually inserted through the femoral artery. This allows the heart valve to be replaced with less surgical trauma, shorter hospitalization, and faster postoperative recovery. This program is designed for patients seeking advanced aortic valve treatment performed by a highly experienced cardiac specialist using innovative and patented valve repair techniques whenever applicable. What’s Included in the Package Comprehensive Preoperative Evaluation Before the intervention, the patient undergoes a full cardiac assessment to confirm eligibility for TAVI and to carefully plan the procedure. This may include: First consultation with the cardiac surgeon Review of previous cardiology reports and imaging Electrocardiogram (ECG) Echocardiogram Blood tests and coagulation profile Cardiac CT scan for valve and vascular planning Coronary angiography or catheterization, if required Pre-anesthesia assessment Evaluation by the structural heart / cardiology team Interventional Treatment The package includes: TAVI procedure Implantation of the transcatheter aortic valve Use of advanced catheter-based techniques Specialized interventional cardiac team Hemodynamic monitoring during the procedure Operating room / cath lab expenses Anesthesia or sedation, according to the case Standard surgical and interventional consumables Whenever clinically appropriate, the surgical strategy is tailored to preserve function and optimize long-term outcomes. Hospital Stay 3 to 5 days of hospitalization Immediate postoperative monitoring in a specialized cardiac unit Private room included after the initial monitoring period Continuous medical and nursing supervision Postoperative Care The program includes the essential postoperative care during hospitalization: Daily follow-up by the cardiac team Cardiac rhythm and blood pressure monitoring Pain control and recovery supervision Early mobilization Medication adjustment and discharge planning Final medical report with treatment recommendations Estimated Length of Stay Hospital stay: 3–5 days Recommended stay in Barcelona: 7–10 days Expected Benefits TAVI aims to: restore normal aortic valve function improve blood flow from the heart reduce symptoms such as fatigue, chest discomfort, and shortness of breath offer a less invasive alternative to conventional valve surgery shorten recovery time and reduce surgical burden Who Is This Program For This treatment program is suitable for patients with: severe aortic stenosis symptomatic aortic valve disease advanced age or increased surgical risk need for minimally invasive valve replacement indication confirmed after cardiology and cardiac surgery assessment Why Choose This Program Minimally invasive alternative to open-heart surgery Treatment by a highly experienced cardiac specialist Advanced procedural planning and modern valve technology Faster recovery compared with conventional surgery Treatment at Centro Médico Teknon, one of Barcelona’s leading private hospitals International patient support throughout the process The final cost may vary depending on the valve type, the complexity of the anatomy, preoperative tests, and postoperative monitoring needs. Additional Information Final indication for TAVI must be confirmed after a full cardiac evaluation Patients should share all available echocardiograms, CT scans, and cardiology reports in advance Online pre-evaluation may be arranged before travel Additional cardiology follow-up can be organized after discharge","is_package":true,"operation_id":724,"operation_name":"Transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI)"}],"other_packages":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_classified"}},"medical":{"indications":["Severe symptomatic aortic stenosis unsuitable for repair or transcatheter treatment","Severe aortic or mitral regurgitation that is not repairable","Severe mitral stenosis unsuitable for balloon valvotomy","Valve disease causing heart failure, low ejection fraction, ventricular dilation","Infective endocarditis with valve destruction","Failed valve repair or degenerated bioprosthesis"],"contraindications":["Prohibitive surgical risk or very limited life expectancy (relative)","Active uncontrolled sepsis or systemic infection (unless treating endocarditis)","Severe irreversible end-organ failure making surgery unsurvivable","Cannot tolerate long-term anticoagulation (relative, mainly mechanical valves)","Severe frailty or advanced dementia (relative)","Valve disease not hemodynamically significant or asymptomatic without surgical criteria"],"operation_hours":{"min":3,"max":6,"unit":"hours","qualifier":"Operating time for one isolated valve replacement on cardiopulmonary bypass; excludes anesthesia preparation and ICU recovery."},"anesthesia":["general"],"sessions_or_stages":{"sessions":{"min":1,"max":1,"unit":"visits","qualifier":"A single operation under one hospital admission."},"stages":[{"code":"valve_replacement_surgery","label":"Valve replacement operation","after":{"min":0,"max":0,"unit":"days","qualifier":"Performed on the day of surgery."}}],"qualifier":"Single-stage surgery; follow-up checks are not counted as treatment sessions."},"hospital_nights":{"value":5,"source":"offers","parsed_details":{"min":5,"max":10,"unit":"nights","qualifier":"Uncomplicated open surgical valve replacement including 1-2 days in intensive care/step-down; longer if complications arise."}},"treatment_conditions":["inpatient"],"rehabilitation_days":{"min":42,"max":90,"unit":"days","qualifier":"Ordinary functional recovery after open surgical replacement, with progressive walking and often cardiac rehabilitation."},"fly_home_after_days":{"min":14,"max":21,"unit":"days","qualifier":"After uncomplicated open surgery, once discharged, wound check, echocardiogram and stable anticoagulation or INR are done; surgeon clearance required."},"back_to_work_days":{"min":42,"max":90,"unit":"days","qualifier":"Desk work after open sternotomy surgery; physical jobs take longer. Transcatheter or minimally invasive approaches may be faster."},"exercise_resume_weeks":{"min":6,"max":12,"unit":"weeks","qualifier":"Walking early; moderate exercise, often via cardiac rehab, after sternal healing and clearance. Heavy lifting and contact sports later."},"final_result_months":{"min":3,"max":6,"unit":"months","qualifier":"Time to stable symptom improvement and sternal healing; cardiac remodeling can continue longer."},"result_longevity":"Depends on valve type and patient factors: mechanical valves are durable but require lifelong anticoagulation, while tissue valves may degrade over time and sometimes need reintervention.","main_risks":["Bleeding requiring re-operation","Stroke or thromboembolism","Atrial fibrillation and other arrhythmias","Heart block requiring a pacemaker","Infection, including sternal wound infection or prosthetic valve endocarditis","Acute kidney injury","Valve-related complications such as thrombosis, paravalvular leak or structural deterioration","Anticoagulation-related bleeding with mechanical valves","Death"],"complication_rate_pct":{"min":15,"max":40,"unit":"percent","qualifier":"Any major in-hospital complication, mostly atrial fibrillation; stroke 1-3%, re-operation for bleeding 2-5%, 30-day mortality 1-4%."},"revision_rate_pct":{"min":5,"max":15,"unit":"percent","qualifier":"Valve reintervention within 10 years; higher for tissue valves in younger patients, lower for mechanical valves."},"success":{"metric":"Survival at 5 years after isolated surgical valve replacement","value":85,"horizon":"5 years","source":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"evidence_status":"limited"},"scars":"Typically a midline sternotomy scar down the chest; minimally invasive approaches use smaller scars. Drain sites leave small marks.","pain":"Moderate to significant chest wall pain for the first days to weeks after sternotomy, controlled with analgesia; it gradually eases over several weeks.","preparation":["Cardiology and cardiac surgical assessment including echocardiography","Coronary angiography or CT angiography when indicated","Blood tests, ECG and chest imaging","Dental and infection screening","Review of current medications with the surgical team","Fasting before surgery as instructed","Smoking cessation and optimization of other conditions","Discussion of valve type (mechanical vs. tissue) and anticoagulation implications"],"recovery_timeline":[{"phase":"Intensive care and hospital stay (days 0-10)","description":"Ventilator weaning, monitoring, drain and pacing wire removal, mobilization and early walking.","restrictions":["Sternal precautions","No driving"]},{"phase":"Early home recovery (weeks 1-6)","description":"Progressive walking, wound healing, fatigue gradually improving, anticoagulation monitoring as relevant.","restrictions":["No heavy lifting, pushing or pulling","No driving until cleared"]},{"phase":"Rehabilitation and return to activity (weeks 6-12)","description":"Sternum largely healed; return to work and graded exercise, often with cardiac rehabilitation.","restrictions":["No heavy lifting or contact sports until full sternal healing"]},{"phase":"Long-term follow-up (3 months onward)","description":"Echocardiographic surveillance and ongoing valve care, including endocarditis prevention measures.","restrictions":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"}}],"follow_up_visits":[{"purpose":"wound_check","requirement":"routine","after":{"min":7,"max":14,"unit":"days","qualifier":"Early postoperative wound and clinical check, with anticoagulation monitoring as relevant."}},{"purpose":"assessment","requirement":"routine","after":{"min":30,"max":45,"unit":"days","qualifier":"Surgeon or cardiologist review with ECG and baseline echocardiography."}},{"purpose":"result_review","requirement":"routine","after":{"min":90,"max":365,"unit":"days","qualifier":"Follow-up echocardiography and cardiology review, then periodic lifelong surveillance."}}],"sources":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"clinic_checks":{"status":"ok","items":[{"id":"C1","text":"Check how much experience the surgeon has treating your specific heart valve condition","scope":"procedure","source":{"url":"https://renaissance.stonybrookmedicine.edu/node/14676","host":"renaissance.stonybrookmedicine.edu","quote":"How much experience does the surgeon have in treating their specific condition?","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-12","http_status":200}},{"id":"C2","text":"Check the qualifications of the medical team that will treat you","scope":"treatment_abroad","source":{"url":"https://www.nhs.uk/using-the-nhs/healthcare-abroad/going-abroad-for-treatment/treatment-abroad-checklist/","host":"nhs.uk","quote":"Have you checked the qualifications of the medical team treating you?","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-12","http_status":200}},{"id":"C3","text":"Check that you can put your treatment questions to the medical team","scope":"treatment_abroad","source":{"url":"https://www.nhs.uk/using-the-nhs/healthcare-abroad/going-abroad-for-treatment/treatment-abroad-checklist/","host":"nhs.uk","quote":"Have you been able to ask them questions about your treatment?","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-12","http_status":200}},{"id":"C4","text":"Check whether facilities and healthcare professionals abroad hold accreditation or certification","scope":"treatment_abroad","source":{"url":"https://www.cdc.gov/yellow-book/hcp/health-care-abroad/medical-tourism.html","host":"cdc.gov","quote":"Some facilities and healthcare professionals abroad might lack accreditation or certification.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-12","http_status":403}},{"id":"C5","text":"Understand the possible 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English.","tier":"tier1_medical","fetched_at":"2026-11-11","http_status":200}}],"checked_at":"2026-11-12","next_check_at":"2027-11-12","version":1}},"parsed_details":{"procedure_type":"surgery","fields":{"anesthesia":["general"],"back_to_work_days":{"min":42,"max":90,"unit":"days","qualifier":"Desk work after open sternotomy surgery; physical jobs take longer. Transcatheter or minimally invasive approaches may be faster."},"complication_rate_pct":{"min":15,"max":40,"unit":"percent","qualifier":"Any major in-hospital complication, mostly atrial fibrillation; stroke 1-3%, re-operation for bleeding 2-5%, 30-day mortality 1-4%."},"contraindications":["Prohibitive surgical risk or very limited life expectancy (relative)","Active uncontrolled sepsis or systemic infection (unless treating endocarditis)","Severe irreversible end-organ failure making surgery unsurvivable","Cannot tolerate long-term anticoagulation (relative, mainly mechanical valves)","Severe frailty or advanced dementia (relative)","Valve disease not hemodynamically significant or asymptomatic without surgical criteria"],"days_in_clinic":{"min":5,"max":10,"unit":"nights","qualifier":"Uncomplicated open surgical valve replacement including 1-2 days in intensive care/step-down; longer if complications arise."},"diagnostic_duration_minutes":null,"diagnostic_preparation":null,"diagnostic_referral_needed":null,"diagnostic_result_time_hours":null,"exercise_resume_weeks":{"min":6,"max":12,"unit":"weeks","qualifier":"Walking early; moderate exercise, often via cardiac rehab, after sternal healing and clearance. Heavy lifting and contact sports later."},"final_result_months":{"min":3,"max":6,"unit":"months","qualifier":"Time to stable symptom improvement and sternal healing; cardiac remodeling can continue longer."},"fly_home_after_days":{"min":14,"max":21,"unit":"days","qualifier":"After uncomplicated open surgery, once discharged, wound check, echocardiogram and stable anticoagulation or INR are done; surgeon clearance required."},"follow_up_visits":[{"purpose":"wound_check","requirement":"routine","after":{"min":7,"max":14,"unit":"days","qualifier":"Early postoperative wound and clinical check, with anticoagulation monitoring as relevant."}},{"purpose":"assessment","requirement":"routine","after":{"min":30,"max":45,"unit":"days","qualifier":"Surgeon or cardiologist review with ECG and baseline echocardiography."}},{"purpose":"result_review","requirement":"routine","after":{"min":90,"max":365,"unit":"days","qualifier":"Follow-up echocardiography and cardiology review, then periodic lifelong surveillance."}}],"indications":["Severe symptomatic aortic stenosis unsuitable for repair or transcatheter treatment","Severe aortic or mitral regurgitation that is not repairable","Severe mitral stenosis unsuitable for balloon valvotomy","Valve disease causing heart failure, low ejection fraction, ventricular dilation","Infective endocarditis with valve destruction","Failed valve repair or degenerated bioprosthesis"],"main_risks":["Bleeding requiring re-operation","Stroke or thromboembolism","Atrial fibrillation and other arrhythmias","Heart block requiring a pacemaker","Infection, including sternal wound infection or prosthetic valve endocarditis","Acute kidney injury","Valve-related complications such as thrombosis, paravalvular leak or structural deterioration","Anticoagulation-related bleeding with mechanical valves","Death"],"pain":"Moderate to significant chest wall pain for the first days to weeks after sternotomy, controlled with analgesia; it gradually eases over several weeks.","preparation":["Cardiology and cardiac surgical assessment including echocardiography","Coronary angiography or CT angiography when indicated","Blood tests, ECG and chest imaging","Dental and infection screening","Review of current medications with the surgical team","Fasting before surgery as instructed","Smoking cessation and optimization of other conditions","Discussion of valve type (mechanical vs. tissue) and anticoagulation implications"],"recovery_timeline":[{"phase":"Intensive care and hospital stay (days 0-10)","description":"Ventilator weaning, monitoring, drain and pacing wire removal, mobilization and early walking.","restrictions":["Sternal precautions","No driving"]},{"phase":"Early home recovery (weeks 1-6)","description":"Progressive walking, wound healing, fatigue gradually improving, anticoagulation monitoring as relevant.","restrictions":["No heavy lifting, pushing or pulling","No driving until cleared"]},{"phase":"Rehabilitation and return to activity (weeks 6-12)","description":"Sternum largely healed; return to work and graded exercise, often with cardiac rehabilitation.","restrictions":["No heavy lifting or contact sports until full sternal healing"]},{"phase":"Long-term follow-up (3 months onward)","description":"Echocardiographic surveillance and ongoing valve care, including endocarditis prevention measures.","restrictions":[]}],"rehabilitation_days":{"min":42,"max":90,"unit":"days","qualifier":"Ordinary functional recovery after open surgical replacement, with progressive walking and often cardiac rehabilitation."},"result_longevity":"Depends on valve type and patient factors: mechanical valves are durable but require lifelong anticoagulation, while tissue valves may degrade over time and sometimes need reintervention.","revision_rate_pct":{"min":5,"max":15,"unit":"percent","qualifier":"Valve reintervention within 10 years; higher for tissue valves in younger patients, lower for mechanical valves."},"scars":"Typically a midline sternotomy scar down the chest; minimally invasive approaches use smaller scars. 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prescription.","tier":"official_travel","fetched_at":"2026-11-11","http_status":403}},{"id":"V3","item":"prescriptions","audience":"us","volatile":false,"text":"Medications that require a prescription in the United States also require a local doctor's prescription in Spain","source":{"url":"https://travel.state.gov/content/travel/en/international-travel/International-Travel-Country-Information-Pages/Spain.html","host":"travel.state.gov","quote":"Medications requiring prescriptions in the United States also require a local doctor’s prescription in Spain.","tier":"official_travel","fetched_at":"2026-11-11","http_status":403}},{"id":"V4","item":"ghic","audience":"uk","volatile":false,"text":"A GHIC or EHIC is needed to get medically necessary state healthcare in Spain","source":{"url":"https://www.gov.uk/foreign-travel-advice/spain/health","host":"gov.uk","quote":"To get medically necessary state healthcare in Spain, you need a Global Health Insurance Card ( GHIC ) or a European Health Insurance Card ( EHIC ).","tier":"official_travel","fetched_at":"2026-11-11","http_status":200}},{"id":"V5","item":"hospital_payment","audience":"all","volatile":false,"text":"Private hospitals usually require payment or proof of insurance or funds before admitting a patient","source":{"url":"https://travel.state.gov/content/travel/en/international-travel/International-Travel-Country-Information-Pages/Spain.html","host":"travel.state.gov","quote":"Private hospitals usually require payment or proof insurance or funds before admitting a patient.","tier":"official_travel","fetched_at":"2026-11-11","http_status":403}},{"id":"V6","item":"emergency_number","audience":"all","volatile":false,"text":"Dial 112 and ask for an ambulance","source":{"url":"https://www.gov.uk/foreign-travel-advice/spain/health","host":"gov.uk","quote":"Dial 112 and ask for an ambulance.","tier":"official_travel","fetched_at":"2026-11-11","http_status":200}}],"checked_at":"2026-11-11","next_check_at":"2026-12-11","version":1},"other_countries_with_page":["albania","azerbaijan","china","colombia","cyprus","czech-republic","dominican-republic","germany","greece","india","israel","italy","japan","kazakhstan","lithuania","mexico","poland","republic-of-korea","romania","switzerland","thailand","turkey","ukraine","united-arab-emirates","united-kingdom","united-states"]},"often_combined_with":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"reviews":{"avg_rating":4.69,"count":562,"scope":"clinic","rating_scale":5,"pros":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"},"cons":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"}},"current":{"seo_text":"<p>Heart valve replacement in Spain typically costs from _op_2_price_from_ to _op_2_price_to_. The final price depends on the chosen technique, valve type, and clinic location. Patients save around _price_percent_discount_% compared to the US, where this procedure costs _price_compare_US_average_ on average. Packages usually include the surgical procedure, anesthesia, specialized medical materials, and a standard hospital stay with ICU monitoring.</p>\n\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Replacement of the aortic valve:</strong> _op_795_price_from_ to _op_795_price_to_.</li>\n<li><strong>Transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI):</strong> _op_724_price_from_ to _op_724_price_to_ for minimally invasive replacement.</li>\n<li><strong>Plastic surgery for cardiac valve:</strong> _op_193_price_from_ to _op_193_price_to_ for valve repair and reconstruction.</li>\n<li><strong>Location factors:</strong> Packages in Barcelona or Madrid may cost 15-20% more than in regional cities.</li>\n</ul>\n\n<p><strong>Bookimed Expert Insight:</strong> Choosing a world-leading specialist like Dr. Xavier Ruyra Baliarda at Centro Médico Teknon offers elite value. His packages start around $43,500 and include specialized materials and 35 years of expertise. For those seeking top-tier infrastructure, Clinica Universidad de Navarra was the first in Spain to receive JCI accreditation. It consistently ranks as a top private hospital in Newsweek's global lists.</p>","faq":[{"q":"Is Spain set up to receive international patients for heart valve surgery?","a":"<p>Spain is a premier global hub for heart valve surgery, offering advanced techniques like the Ross procedure and TAVI. With JCI-accredited facilities in Madrid and Barcelona, patients access specialist care with 75% savings compared to US costs. Leading centers provide tailored coordination, multimodal imaging, and recovery-focused protocols.</p> <ul> <li><strong>Specialized techniques:</strong> Surgeons perform Ross procedures, TAVI/TAVR, and minimally invasive valve repairs.</li> <li><strong>Leading expertise:</strong> Dr. Xavier Ruyra Baliarda at Centro Médico Teknon offers 35 years experience.</li> <li><strong>Quick access:</strong> International patients typically schedule procedures within 2 to 4 weeks.</li> <li><strong>Facility standards:</strong> Centers hold Joint Commission International (JCI) and Newsweek Best Hospital rankings.</li> </ul> <p><strong>Bookimed Expert Insight:</strong> Spain’s top cardiac centers like Centro Médico Teknon serve as official medical providers for elite global events. This high-volume environment ensures surgeons maintain exceptional proficiency. While US procedures average _price_compare_US_average_, Spanish packages often include a 14-day hotel stay for stable recovery.</p> <p><strong>Patient Consensus:</strong> Patients value the direct communication during pre-op Skype consultations. Many recommend confirming that all-inclusive quotes explicitly cover anesthesia and ICU days before traveling.</p>"},{"q":"What are the risks of heart valve replacement?","a":"<p>Heart valve replacement is generally safe but carries risks like bleeding, blood clots, and stroke. Potential complications include infection, arrhythmias, and valve dysfunction. Outcomes depend on patient age, health status, and whether a surgeon uses mechanical or bioprosthetic tissue valves during the procedure.</p> <ul> <li><strong>Stroke prevention:</strong> Clots or debris may cause neurological damage or lasting disability post-surgery.</li> <li><strong>Valve-related infection:</strong> Endocarditis can occur in new valves, requiring strict post-operative infection control.</li> <li><strong>Mechanical valve risks:</strong> These require lifelong anticoagulant medication, increasing the risk of major bleeding.</li> <li><strong>Bioprosthetic durability:</strong> Tissue valves may wear out, potentially requiring replacement after 10–20 years.</li> </ul> <p><strong>Bookimed Expert Insight:</strong> Spanish centers like Centro Médico Teknon lead in the Ross procedure, which uses the patient's own pulmonary valve. This technique significantly reduces the risk of rejection and the need for lifelong blood thinners. Dr. Xavier Ruyra Baliarda even holds patents for specific valve repair techniques that minimize surgical trauma.</p> <p><strong>Patient Consensus:</strong> Patients emphasize that choosing between mechanical and tissue valves means weighing lifelong medication against the likelihood of future redo surgeries. Recovery is often tiring, but high-quality Spanish clinics maintain excellent safety records for these complex cardiac operations.</p>"},{"q":"What is the recovery time for heart valve surgery in Spain?","a":"<p>Recovery after heart valve surgery in Spain typically spans 6 to 12 weeks for full physical restoration. Patients usually spend 5 days in a JCI-accredited hospital followed by 14 days of local monitoring. Minimally invasive techniques or TAVI may significantly accelerate this timeline. </p> <ul> <li><strong>Hospital duration:</strong> Patients typically remain inpatient for 5 days post-surgery for monitoring.</li> <li><strong>Initial healing:</strong> The first 4 to 8 weeks are critical for cardiovascular stabilization.</li> <li><strong>Daily activities:</strong> Most patients return to normal light routines within 2 to 3 months.</li> <li><strong>Physical exertion:</strong> High-impact activity or heavy lifting usually requires 3 to 6 months.</li> </ul> <p><strong>Bookimed Expert Insight:</strong> While standard protocols suggest a 5-day hospital stay, leading Spanish clinics like Centro Médico Teknon often recommend a 14-day local hotel stay afterward. This extended observation period is particularly vital for international patients undergoing the Ross procedure to ensure valve stability before flying home.</p> <p><strong>Patient Consensus:</strong> Many patients report feeling 70% capable by week 5 but warn that sternal restrictions often outlast internal healing. Managing anticoagulation during the first 3 months transition is a frequent practical challenge mentioned by those receiving mechanical valves.</p>"},{"q":"What are the best clinics/hospitals for heart valve replacement in Spain?","a":"<p>Spain hosts elite cardiac centers like Centro Médico Teknon in Barcelona and Hospital Ruber Internacional in Madrid. These JCI-accredited facilities offer advanced heart valve replacement via minimally invasive techniques, TAVI, and the Ross procedure, often led by surgeons with over 35 years of experience.</p> <ul> <li><strong>Top specialists:</strong> Dr. Xavier Ruyra at Teknon is a world leader in Ross procedure techniques.</li> <li><strong>Pediatric expertise:</strong> SJD Barcelona Children's Hospital ranks among Europe top 3 for congenital valve issues.</li> <li><strong>Clinical excellence:</strong> Clinica Universidad de Navarra was the first Spanish hospital to earn JCI accreditation.</li> <li><strong>Network scale:</strong> Hospital HM Nou Delfos provides access to Spain largest private cardiac hospital network.</li> </ul> <p><strong>Bookimed Expert Insight:</strong> Data shows high-volume centers like Centro Médico Teknon perform over 23,500 operations annually. This volume is a critical safety signal. While top-tier facilities in Madrid and Barcelona offer similar technology, Barcelona centers often feature specialists with patented valve repair techniques that attract professional athletes and international celebrities.</p> <p><strong>Patient Consensus:</strong> Patients value the high entry barrier for Spanish surgeons, who typically rank in the top 15% of medical graduates. Many advise confirming local INR management plans before traveling home with a mechanical valve.</p>"},{"q":"Do Spanish surgeons speak English?","a":"<p>Spanish surgeons in private cardiac centers frequently speak English, though proficiency varies across the medical team. While English is standard in medical training, specialists at international hospitals in Madrid and Barcelona are most likely to maintain fluency for complex consultations and heart valve procedures.</p> <ul> <li><strong>Hospital type:</strong> Private JCI-accredited facilities are more likely to have fluent English-speaking specialists.</li> <li><strong>Regional trends:</strong> Surgeons in major hubs like Madrid and Barcelona show higher English proficiency.</li> <li><strong>Support staff:</strong> Administrative and nursing teams may have lower English levels than lead surgeons.</li> <li><strong>Preparation:</strong> Patients should request pre-operative forms and discharge instructions in English before traveling.</li> </ul> <p><strong>Bookimed Expert Insight:</strong> Data from top-tier clinics like Centro Médico Teknon shows that elite surgeons, including those with 35+ years of experience, often complete advanced training in New York or Paris. These international fellowships ensure a high level of technical English proficiency among surgical leaders that general hospital staff might not share.</p> <p><strong>Patient Consensus:</strong> Patients find that while initial video consultations usually proceed smoothly in English, having a written medical summary in both languages helps ensure clear communication with the broader care team.</p>"}],"h2":[{"text":"仕組みについて","kind":"content"},{"text":"スペインでの心臓弁置換術費用について今すぐご確認ください","kind":"content"},{"text":"11月 2026のスペインでの特別心臓弁置換術プランをお見逃しなく","kind":"content"},{"text":"スペインの最高の心臓弁置換術クリニックをご発見ください：3件の認証済み選択肢と料金","kind":"content"},{"text":"スペインでの心臓弁置換術概要","kind":"content"},{"text":"スペインで心臓弁置換術の医学評価を受ける：その分野の最高の専門医をお選びください","kind":"content"},{"text":"Bookimed患者のビデオストーリー","kind":"content"},{"text":"Bookimedに関するレビュー：患者様の洞察を発見","kind":"content"},{"text":"このコンテンツを共有","kind":"content"},{"text":"スペインでの心臓弁置換術に関するFAQ","kind":"content"},{"text":"無料相談を受ける","kind":"content"}]},"placeholders":{"price_from":"{{price_from}}","clinics_count":"{{clinics_count}}","cities_count":"{{cities_count}}","savings_pct":"{{savings_pct}}","data_date":"{{data_date}}"},"legal":{"restricted_markets":{"status":"missing","reason":"not_collected"}},"conflicts":[]}