| イタリア | トルコ | オーストリア | |
| 心臓弁置換術 | - | から $15,470 | から $70,000 |
| 経カテーテル大動脈弁植え込み術 | - | から $22,600 | から $40,000 |
| 心臓弁形成術 | - | から $8,000 | から $35,000 |
| 後天性心臓弁膜症手術 | - | から $22,000 | から $55,000 |
| 弁形成術 | - | から $15,000 | から $40,000 |
Dr. Ottavio Alfieri is an award-winning heart surgeon with over 15 years of experience in cardiac surgery, performing more than 15,000 cardiac procedures. He is the author of over 600 peer-reviewed articles and several books devoted to cardiac surgery, and is the developer of the "Alfieri Mitral Repair" technique. He has been awarded numerous honors, including the 'Ambrogino d'Oro' and the gold medal from the European Cardiology Society for his contributions to the field. He is a member of the European Society of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery, the European Society of Cardiology, and the American Association for Thoracic Surgery.
Dr. Giuseppe Speziale is a leading Italian cardiologist and cardiovascular surgeon. He specializes in minimally invasive and noninvasive surgery for mitral, aortic, and tricuspid valves. He also treats cardiac arrhythmia and heart failure. Dr. Speziale has performed thousands of complex procedures. These include CABG, valve replacements, pacemaker implantations, and septal defect closures.
Dr. Speziale earned his medical degree with honors from the Catholic University of the Sacred Heart in Rome. He completed a specialization in cardiac surgery and holds a Ph.D. from La Sapienza University. He is Vice President of GVM Care & Research and leads cardiac surgery departments at several hospitals. Dr. Speziale is an active member of major cardiac societies. He has made important contributions to research and clinical practice in his field.